The Ethics Of Nursing Ethics - 1540 Words

Children and respirators are terms typically appalling and scary to society. In the nursing profession, it is often that nurses will deal with these two appalling terms. A case involving these two terms has been analyzed in regards to nursing ethics. Nursing ethics involves several different complex ideas and with the aid of the four way method one is able to analyze and make a decision in regards to controversial and difficult nursing situations. The four way method helped analyze a fourteen year old boys, named Jack, situation wherein a dilemma arose regarding the continuation of life support. After analyzing Jack’s situation with proposed solutions by using the four way method, one is able to make an educated and informed ethical†¦show more content†¦According to Disability Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, a vegetative state can be described as â€Å"a condition of no recognizable interaction with the environment in spite of spontaneous or stimulus-induced a rousal and the ability to maintain a condition of wakefulness† (Lancioni et al., 2007, p. 293). Jack’s family has been experiencing large amounts of stress financially and emotionally since the incident. They are a family of five and the mother is the primary caretaker of the family while the father works to support them. One especially stressful aspect to the family’s dynamic is the fact that one of their five children suffers from down syndrome. Their schedules are stretched very thin while trying to make ends meet financially, take care of the other four children, and be with Jack in the hospital while he is hooked up to the respirator. As the primary nurses we are aware that Jack’s family is not necessarily financially stable at this time and Jack’s current hospitalization does not help their financial status. It is also a huge emotional toll on the family. The mother has asked us as nurses to unplug Jack’s respirator during the night. Sh e believes that if we do so then no one will know that we did such a thing. The ethical issue that stands behind this is that Jack’s primary physician has the desire to wait and see what will happen with Jack over time. The physician believes Jack’s condition to be reversible, however if

What Do We Know About Marilyn Monroe - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 582 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Marilyn Monroe Essay Did you like this example? In 1926 Marilyn Monroe was born on June 1st in Los Angeles, California.   Her birth name was Norma Jean Mortenson.   She was also sent to an orphanage when she was nine years old.   Marilyn Monroe’s first husband was Jim Daugherty when she was sixteen,they stayed married for four years.   She also lived in three places Hawthorne, Compton, and Los Angeles all in California.   That is a few facts about Marilyn Monroe, and now i’m going to tell you about her from birth to death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Marilyn Monroe was born on June 1st, 1926 in Los Angeles, California at Los Angeles General Hospital.   People say that Marilyn Monroe had a difficult childhood.   Marilyn spent her Childhood in a series of foster homes and an orphanage.   Marilyn’s Career as an actress started when she was 16 years old.   She also did skiing,horseback riding, swimming, and canoeing also went on a number of fishing trips.   She also liked to go surfing,played Soccer, Golf, Softball, Basketball, Badmitten, and Running are all things Marilyn Monroe would do during her free time as a child.   When Marilyn Monroe was in preschool and Middle school she went to Ballona Elementary.   She attended Emerson Junior High School and graduated in 9th grade and did not finish High School.   I just told you some important facts of her childhood and now I’m going to tell you about her end of childhood through adulthood. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What Do We Know About Marilyn Monroe" essay for you Create order   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When Marilyn Monroe was 20 when she signed her first movie contract, which was in the year 1946.   Marilyn Monroe’s daughter was born in June 1962 and who’s name is Gladys Baker Mossis.   Marilyn Monroe went to college for art appreciation and literature at the University of California.   She started college at the age of 16 after dropping out of Emerson Junior High at the age of 15 while in 9th grade. She took the same classes in the evening as during the day.   That was about her adulthood now I will be telling you about her Contributions to society.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Marilyn Monroe’s contributions to society was that she provided entertainment for people, she also sang music for people to listen to.   Another thing she did to make the world a better place was by being a popular actress.   Marilyn Monroe is famous because she is an actor in many movies.   She is known as an american actress, model, and singer.   There are many things that I have told you about Marilyn Monroe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion Marilyn Monroe was an actor, had troubles when she was an child, lived in many places, and her birth name was Norma Jean Mortenson not Marilyn Monroe. She was born on June 1st,1926, attended Elementary, Middle, and Junior High but dropped out at the age of 15, and had a rough childhood because she was sent to an orphanage when she was born.   Marilyn Monroe was 20 when she signed her first movie contract, she also went to college for art appreciation and literature when she was 16 years old.   She was known as an entertainer and an actor.   She was also famous for being an actress, model, and singer.   I just told you the most important facts about Marilyn Monroe’s Life starting from Birth and ending in death, I also hope you learned something new about Marilyn Monroe while reading this. Sources Cited â€Å"Home.† About Marilyn Monroe, marilynmonroe.com/. â€Å"Public Broadcasting Service.† PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, www.pbs.org/. â€Å"Marilyn Monroe: Still Life.† PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, 30 May 2018, www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/marilyn-monroe-biography/61/.

Global Warming The Green House Effect - 1030 Words

Global warming can also be known as the green house effect. It is a topic that has received a lot of attention in recent years yet our climate change is not a recent problem. Every year almost 7 billion tons of carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere by human activity. Global warming is in the earth s upper atmosphere directly caused by human burning of fossil, fuels, industrial, farming,coal,radiation and deforestation. Every year we see natural disasters that are extremely powerful. If we ignore the fact now the result could be catastrophic. As humans, we all have our own opinions but the problem of global warming should not be debated, it should be solved. The problem on Global warming has been unsolvable in the last 30 years,†¦show more content†¦Global warming is indeed a scan, perpetrated by scientists with vested interests, but in need of crash courses on Geology, logic and philosophy of science. Therefore claiming that global warming is bad don t really know even know if it really is as bad as they say it is. When considering Global warming, it is first important to know how recently statistics. Global warming has been caused by the people of the world. Many things have happened as a result. Since the beginning of 20th century, the average surface temperature has increased by 1.1 degree Fahrenheit. Just in the past 40 years. It has risen by a half of a degree. As of now the global sea level is rising three times faster than in the last hundred years when compared to the last three thousand years. This doesn t sound like much right away but any change in temperature causes melting to the polar ice caps. If they continue to melt, the sea level could start to rise dramatically. Furthermore, it is a fact that the average rice in temperature globally is 1.1 degree. The starting fact is that parts of Alaska, Canada, and Northern Russia. They have experienced a rise in temperature by 5 degree Fahrenheit. This means that they are in the Northern hemisphere where there is less water. Less water me ans less of the new found heat is being taken away be the vast ocean. These gasses are adding up everyday. In 1987 Carbon Dioxide reached 340 parts per million and in the 1999 360 ppm. It is

Evaluation of Risks and Policy Responses †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Evaluation of Risks and Policy Responses. Answer: Introduction: This essay introduces the discussion and evaluation of the renewable energy and climate change policies in the US under the administration of President Trump along with comparing the differences from the policies promoted during Obamas administration The use of renewable energy sources has become inevitable in order to combat the increasing scarcity of fossil fuels as well as implementing a sustainable approach for living on Earth. Considering the adverse environmental impact, the countries have started developing renewable energy policies individually and as a part of global organizational networks such as OECD, IEA, and EPA (Kheshgi, de Coninck and Kessels 2012). The use of fossil fuels has adversely affected the environment due to the emission of increased greenhouse gases. As commented by Twidell and Weir (2015), renewable energy is defined as the source of energy that can be rapidly replaced by natural resources such as sun or wind. The naturally occurring energy resources can help in refilling the energy consumption globally. Due to increased urbanization and modernization, the use of fossil fuels has increased drastically in the developed countries. This has led to increased environmental pollution along with giving rise t o increased fossil fuel scarcity. In 2012, the world used around 13.2% of the renewable energy that has increased to 22% in 2013. Reports suggest that in 2016, renewable energy sources accounted for about 10% of total US energy consumption and 15% of electricity generation (Aslani and Wong 2014). As commented by Aghaei and Alizadeh (2013), renewable sources of energy are safe, abundant, cleaner than fossil fuel, stable and generate no environmental pollution. However, as argued by Lu et al. (2015), generation of renewable energy is largely dependent on weather thereby, questioning its generation. The government of the countries emphasizes on protecting the environment by restricting the use of fossil fuels. The climate policies of various countries provide guideline and framework for restricting the use of fossil fuels and promote the use of renewable energy resources. The global organizational networks such as Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), International Energy Agency (IEA) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) influences the climate change policies for the betterment of the environment and save the non-renewable sources of energy for future (Sil, Kumar and Kumar 2014). Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development is a group of 34 countries that aims towards discussing the development of the social and economic policy of the countries. The OCED countries are democratic countries that support free market economies. OECD aim towards achieving sustainable economic growth and employment along with enhancing the living standard of the countries. The organization also aims towards sound economic expansion along with the successful expansion of the world trade (Saboori, Sapri and bin Baba 2014). International Energy Agency (IEA) is an autonomous intergovernmental organization in Paris that follows the OCED framework. The organization was initially established with the aim of supplying oil without any disruption and serving as an energy resource regarding the international oil market. The organization acts as a policy advisor and works with countries that are not members of the OCED. IEA emphasizes in promoting alternative energy sources such as r enewable energy. The members of the IEA countries need to maintain a standard level of oil stocks for 90 days of the previous year's net import (Malone et al. 2012). The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is a federal government agency of the US that was formed with the aim of protecting the environment and the human health by strict enforcement of the laws. EPA has environmental protection measures for air, water, land, endangered species, and hazardous waste (Cai, Stevens and Syage 2012). Therefore, OCED, IEA, and EPA aim towards implementing a sustainable approach to the environment by reducing adverse environmental impact. From 2002-2008, the federal government paid a large amount of subsidy for fossil fuels to renewable energy in six years. Former President Barack Obama initiated the Clean Power Plan that set attainable standards for decreasing the emission rate of greenhouse gases. According to the Clean Action Plan initiated by Obama, in 25 years from 2005-2030, the emission of carbon dioxide should be reduced by 32%. Obama developed the action plan with criteria that aimed towards protecting the health of the American family. The Obama administration also aimed towards saving the life of the American population thereby, proposing to enhance the economy of the country (Smith et al. 2013). Within a gap of 132 years, the world temperature has risen by 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit (Brown 2012). Therefore, the scientists have recommended that controlling the rise of world temperature will help in preventing the most adverse environmental impact. Stronger fuel economy was established under Obama administration that helped in increasing the efficiency value by 2025. The production of solar energy was increased 20 times due to the increase in the clean energy initiative by Obama administration. Due to the initiative, the generation of renewable energy also increased by three times. Under the Clean Power Plan initiative by the Obama administration, 12% reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases was noticed in 20 years. By 2030, 30% more production of renewable energy is suggested under the Clean Power Plan (Wustenhagen and Menichetti 2012). Additionally, the Obama administration also launched Solar Ready Veta program that aimed towards training to the veterans for making a successful entry into the solar workforce. This resulted in successful employment to more than 75,000 people thereby, supporting healthy lifestyle and job for the American citizens. Under the Obama administration, around 50 clean utility-scale projects were established in the tribal and public lands thereby, providing 20000 jobs in order to produce sufficient electricity for approximately 4.8 million homes (Rubin, 2017). After Obamas administration, Donald Trump along with the support of the company executives and miners signed a long-promised executive order that nullifies former President Barack Obamas effort in climate change thereby, reviving the local coal industry. Donald Trump made clear that the United States does not intend to meet the commitments that have been made by Obama to curb global warming and restricting carbon dioxide pollution thereby, turning denials of climate change into national policy. Donald Trump also ordered the Environmental Protection Agency to re-write the lengthy and complex legal process of Clean Power Plan initiated by Obama (Pengelly, 2017). In order to protect the environment, the Obama administration placed a moratorium on coal leasing on the federal land in 2016. This is because the coal companies paid extremely low leases that the US government and the taxpayers were subsidizing coal production that adversely affected the health and the environment. However, Tr ump ordered to lift the moratorium on the coal leasing thereby, putting an end to the initiative. Donald Trump also assured that the miner would very soon resume their mining work (The Hill, 2017). Additionally, the Trump administration ensured of renewing the coal industry abiding by the clean coal technology in order to ensure a sustainable environment. The Trump administration has ordered to balance the number of precautions initiated by the Obama administration to tackle climate change. He issued orders to handle the gap between the defense and change of climate (Company, 2017). The review was provoked in order to withdraw the policies and regulations of the previous government for the coal industry (The Hill, 2017). Under Obamas administration, the government aimed towards reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, increase the use of renewable energy resources and change the infrastructure of the American population for combating with the adverse environmental impact. However, on the contrary, the Trump administration ordered that the US should leave the Paris Climate Agreement as well as a commit for removing the Climate Action Plan and the waters of the United States rule. Considering the order, the Trump administration ordered to construct Dakota Access pipelines and Keystone XL. The construction of the pipes will help the US to export the crude- oil from Canada to the Gulf countries (Pengelly, 2017). The Obama administration ensured that the initiatives undertaken by the government to protect the environment are followed by the entire US by enforcing laws. The Obama administration imposed severe penalties if the laws for protecting the environment encountered any non-compliance. Under the Obama administration, the EPA was ordered to regulate the emission of greenhouse gases from the existing power plants. However, under the Trump administration, the budget proposal for the fiscal year 2018 suggests that majority of the initiatives undertaken by the Obama administration will be stopped (Whitehouse.gov, 2017). Donald Trump clearly stated that the US government needs to pull back any effort to help fight global warming along with adapting its impact. Under the proposal, the variety of the climate programs of the Obama administration will be completely slashed. According to the order of Donald Trump and the newly developed budget, the US has to withdraw their support towards Environm ental Protection Agency, Department of Energy's efforts to restrict the carbon emission along with NASA's Earth-monitoring programs and Sea Grant Program (The Hill, 2017). The Trump administration has ordered to cut EPAs budget by 31%, that is, from $8.2 million to $5.7 million. This will be the highest cutdown in the EPAs budget in the past 40 years. EPA is the main authority in the US that monitors the reduction of the emission of greenhouse gases. Therefore, the huge budget cut down suggests lack of money of the Clean Power Plan, an Obama initiative for reducing the emission of greenhouse gases. Additionally, EPAs budget cut down also suggests a prohibition of Obama-era initiatives such as International Climate Change Programs, Climate Resilience Evaluation Awareness Tool, and Energy Star. However, the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program will likely survive after the EPA budget cut down under Trump administration (Tabuchi, 2017). The Trump administration plans for withdrawing the initiative towards the landmark power plant that was initiated under the Obama administration with the aim of maintaining the use of fossil fuels for ensuring a sustainable pl anet. The Trump administration is withdrawing its support from the climate policy initiatives from the Obama-era along with imposing penalties on the wind and solar energy producers (Tabuchi, 2017). Under the George W. Bush administration, the climate policy aimed towards 18% reduction of greenhouse gases by tax credits along with discovering and adopting energy-saving technologies and promoting the expansion of carbon dioxide absorption by increased agriculture and forestry. However, the climate policy under Bush administration has faced criticism for being too modest (Siepr.stanford.edu, 2017). The Clinton administration formed various innovative programs for reducing the emission of the greenhouse gases with the Climate Change Technology Initiative (CCTI), a $6.3 billion program for five years that emphasized on tax incentives developed for stimulating the use of energy-efficient technologies in power generation, transport and industrial processes (Goldenberg, 2017). President Ronald Reagan has played a major role in negotiating the Montreal Protocol followed by President George H. W. Bush who remarked that there is the reflective effect on the world's environmental and economic policy (Goldenberg, 2017). In this essay, it can be concluded that the US climate policy is undergoing changes as Donald Trump has ordered the ministers to withdraw their support from the initiative from the policies of the Obama-era that was created with the aim of preventing global warming. However, the order released by Trump administration does not restrict EPA to control the emission of greenhouse gases. References Aghaei, J. and Alizadeh, M.I., 2013. Demand response in smart electricity grids equipped with renewable energy sources: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 18, pp.64-72. Aslani, A. and Wong, K.F.V., 2014. Analysis of renewable energy development to power generation in the United States. Renewable Energy, 63, pp.153-161. Brown, L.R., 2012. Outgrowing the Earth: the food security challenge in an age of falling water tables and rising temperatures. Taylor Francis. Cai, S.S., Stevens, J. and Syage, J.A., 2012. Ultra high performance liquid chromatographyatmospheric pressure photoionization-mass spectrometry for high-sensitivity analysis of US Environmental Protection Agency sixteen priority pollutant polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in oysters. Journal of Chromatography A, 1227, pp.138-144. Company (2017). An Election Reverses Federal Coal Policy. [online] Nytimes.com. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/08/06/us/politics/document-2017-3-29-ORDER-3348-Zinke-Lifts-Coal-Leasing.html [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Goldenberg, S. (2017). The worst of times: Bush's environmental legacy examined. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/jan/16/greenpolitics-georgebush [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Kheshgi, H., de Coninck, H. and Kessels, J., 2012. Carbon dioxide capture and storage: Seven years after the IPCC special report. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 17(6), pp.563-567. Lu, S., Hwang, Y., Khabibrakhmanov, I., Marianno, F.J., Shao, X., Zhang, J., Hodge, B.M. and Hamann, H.F., 2015, July. Machine learning based multi-physical-model blending for enhancing renewable energy forecast-improvement via situation dependent error correction. In Control Conference (ECC), 2015 European (pp. 283-290). IEEE. Malone, J., Guleria, R., Craven, C., Horton, P., Jrvinen, H., Mayo, J., Oreilly, G., Picano, E., Remedios, D., Le Heron, J. and Rehani, M., 2012. Justification of diagnostic medical exposures: some practical issues. Report of an International Atomic Energy Agency Consultation. The British journal of radiology, 85(1013), pp.523-538. Pengelly, M. (2017). Trump to sign executive order undoing Obama's clean power plan. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/mar/26/trump-executive-order-clean-power-plan-coal-plants [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Rubin, C. (2017). Trump Signs Executive Order Unwinding Obama Climate Policies. [online] Nytimes.com. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/28/climate/trump-executive-order-climate-change.html [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Saboori, B., Sapri, M. and bin Baba, M., 2014. Economic growth, energy consumption and CO 2 emissions in OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)'s transport sector: a fully modified bi-directional relationship approach. Energy, 66, pp.150-161. Siepr.stanford.edu. (2017). U.S. Climate-Change Policy: The Bush Administrations Plan and Beyond. [online] Available at: https://siepr.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/publications/policybrief_feb02_0.pdf [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Sil, A., Kumar, S. and Kumar, R., 2014. Formulating LandGem model for estimation of landfill gas under Indian scenario. International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management, 17(2-4), pp.293-299. Smith, A.L., Klenk, N., Wood, S., Hewitt, N., Henriques, I., Yan, N. and Bazely, D.R., 2013. Second generation biofuels and bioinvasions: An evaluation of invasive risks and policy responses in the United States and Canada. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 27, pp.30-42. Tabuchi, H. (2017). Whats at Stake in Trumps Proposed E.P.A. Cuts. [online] Nytimes.com. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/10/climate/trump-epa-budget-cuts.html [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. TheHill. (2017). Trump administration ends Obama's coal-leasing freeze. [online] Available at: https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/326375-interior-department-ends-obamas-coal-leasing-freeze [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Twidell, J. and Weir, T., 2015. Renewable energy resources. Routledge. Whitehouse.gov. (2017). BUDGET OF THE U. S. GOVERNMENT A New Foundation For American Greatness. [online] Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/omb/budget/fy2018/budget.pdf [Accessed 16 Nov. 2017]. Wstenhagen, R. and Menichetti, E., 2012. Strategic choices for renewable energy investment: Conceptual framework and opportunities for further research. Energy Policy, 40, pp.1-10.

Changing Gender Roles Research Paper Example

Changing Gender Roles Paper The important norms of life divide the people in different categories and groups depending upon the race, religion and age. There is another category that is most of the times simply irresistible to be forgotten which is the gender division. It is the just the instant reflex that makes the males and females to observe the difference during any kind of confrontation. As these issues stand by Sociology plays an important role in describing how the gender roles are devised and how they change as the time passes by. More or less the difference lies in the beliefs of the society including interpretation of different situations and the stereotyping that leads to certain conclusion at times (Wallace Alison, 1995). Gender Roles: Social learning theory works for the socialization. Social learning theory is described as the process in which a person from its birth learns different aspects of life including behaviors and responses to the behaviors as he sees (Giddens et al, 2007). Socialization is therefore a process in which the person learns how customs, environment and laws work in society. Gender socialization is the focused form of socialization and allows the grooming of different sexes into individuals and how they are supposed to play their roles according to their genders in the society. Defining of the gender roles is an important in how the society works. Looking into the developed countries of the world, the gender roles are often termed towards discrimination but still the conventional roles of the women have changed considerably for both males and females. A persons gender role encloses many different elements including the way of clothing, styling etc. and the differences in these roles have alwa ys continued over time (Christie-Mizell, 2006). The division of the roles has been, historically, based on males and females but different gender roles have emerged overtime as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Changing Gender Roles specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Changing Gender Roles specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Changing Gender Roles specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Changing of gender roles has been a quite continuous process. Males and females trying to avoid their personal strengths of being a specific sex have changed. Research followed in Western countries have shown that the females have become lot more vulnerable and hollow in their approach towards their main role of bearing child and work domestically. The progressive approach has made them to deviate from their roles considerably causing the momentum to be shifted away from the equilibrium that requires stability (Giddens et al, 2007). Even the role of males has changed in most parts of the world as well. Gender Roles in America: The civilization has played an important role in the cultural aspects of the country where the gender role reformation has taken place in recent years. The formation of the laws always stood against the females as they were never allowed to take part in active politics and they didnt have the right to vote. More importantly the females were more degraded than this specific reality as they were not even considered a responsible part of the society and were treated quite disgracefully. Though they were bearing children and were good at domestic works but they require more than these things in their life. Thus it seems that the changing in the gender roles was quite inevitable for them as they wanted to revitalize their gender so that they can be viewed differently (Scott Braun, 2006). After considerable work done in the history by some females, they gained a respectable stature in the society. They were allowed to gain education and move freely into the markets and everywhere. The social aspects of this new role have placed various questions upon the conventionality of the gender roles which are very far away from each other. The important point is the equality which has played a major role in the shaping of lives of both sexes. The males and females have come at direct confrontation with each other considering both of them as enemy of each other. This particular statement has made both sexes to move away from their main role and they have tried to invent things of their opposite gender into their own. Those who agree with these changing of roles describe this as a healthy change which could provide prosperity to the society but the socialization has predominantly been affected. The women now have achieved respect; they are now in fashion and media and are running side by side with men. They have taken job positions which few years back would have been only appropriate for men. They even try to gain access to these jobs because this is the way they feel secure whereas the males have continued to show their dominance by going into wars, running the business and taking responsibility of the family in previous years are now having direct competition from the females (Connell, 1987). The critics of these changing in the gender roles describe it as a curse which is causing the natural phenomenon to worn out without benefits and with serious consequences. The people are no longer interested in marriages and having families rather than work for money. They are just moving away from the basic means of life. The inclusion of stress, pain and sleeplessness with the essence of loneliness has made the whole American society to become solvent in the current society. The birth rates are going down, new born babies are not having the right kind of learning scenarios and the gender differentiation is causing the frustration as well (Andersen, 1993). The discrimination and racism has also increased considerably against the women. Many men are still unable to realize the reality that females now hold equal rights and require respect. When this happen they are going around the way and try to gain the dominance by either beating or by other measly actions. This has caused the ra tio of domestic violence to gain as well. The families and household structures in America have changed considerably therefore. The females are not confined to the homes only and the males are not confined to offices only. Males also take the responsibilities for the growth of their children when their wives are doing office works. This is where the sociological aspects of the America have changed quite a lot. The gender discrimination might not be present on a larger scale and at one place where they have provided good results, bad results are also present. Gender Roles in Hong Kong: Hong Kong has a very strong cultural and sociological structure. The Chinese structure of the families play an important role in the Hong Kong culture where the gender roles are changing but they are being kept at a steady pace (AU, 1993). Though with recent advancements in the field of science and technology and the industries, the progressive approach around the world have required some changes in Hong Kong as well. Chinese remains a great follower of their family cultures. The women are devised to raise the families but there are many examples where they are quite active in the work as well though the ratio of respect for the elders and the males is quite more than that is present in the American culture. Chinese believe in providing better services to their grandparents more than in the American culture. The combined family system is still applicable in various parts of the country as opposed to the American society where the grandparents are stuck into the old age houses. The gender roles in Hong Kong have never been hyped before the 1980s. The country gained these propositions from the fueling from the United Nations about the human rights of the women. After these incidents, the gender roles started to change but less gradually than any other country in the West. The gender roles were clearly stereotyped since recently. Today, Hong Kong has placed various complications in their system which not only provides right to the women but also the freedom to choose whatever role they want to attain regardless of their gender importance (AU, 1993). Women are present in politics, in businesses, in social welfare and then there are those who are actively taking part in the domestic role for their families. The understanding of the role basically depends upon the individual. The stereotyping can become an important factor to provide easy access to the decisions. Difference in Gender Changing Roles in Hong Kong and America: At this point we are much clear about the gender roles in traditional as well as modern American society. Situation however, is very different in Hong Kong. Hong Kong is still is in the transition phase when view in terms of changing gender roles. In terms of traditional gender roles America and Hong Kong are much similar. America being a liberal nation showed less resistant to changing gender roles than Hong Kong. Things are on the go in Hong Kong too, but it has been observed that resistance factor still creating many hurdles. Men here still want their wives to stay at home and perform the household hold duties and domestic chores. Eventually, media played a very positive role, employers are creating jobs for women, and equal employment opportunities are available in most if not in all organizations. Despite of all these facts, Hong Kong is still far behind. . Many researches highlighted different factors which are still to be addressed. Issue has been discussed widely too, may be youth can make it possible. Different studies has been conducted to have an inside towards genders inequality, it is derived from these studies that the textbooks offered to students (even at primary level) intends to believe in stereotypes about men superiority. Portrayals in different textbooks highlighted men as social person and women as household manager (Au, 1993: 13). Apart from this, women are repeatedly under presented in the textbook character portrayal. When these children were asked about their perception towards gender they replied as expected (Au, 1993: 18). Now the question arises if teachers, parents, principals and publishers are aware of what they are intending their children to learn, or not. These types of activities are the clear wisdom of the intensions of Hong Kong policies towards gender inequality. Conclusion Americans are leading the world, not because they have adequate resources to do so, because they care about the issues and try to trigger that out. They are liberal towards human rights and believe that both men and women have capacities to perform duties traditionally symbolize to one. Hong Kong on the other hand is not paying attention to what we can say call of Time. Increasing number of women physicians, judges, teachers, scientists are the resources of America. Though we know, Americans still have to do a lot towards actual gender equality and ideal changing gender roles, they have to rectify the pay inequality, they need to increase the number of women in top level management to show that women can do almost everything associated to men, traditionally. This is the wakeup time for Hong Kong Government to educate their people towards changing gender roles and to create equal employment opportunities with positive intensions. Women of this era are not t all less than man. At this stage, we need to promote and encourage gender equality and equal employment opportunities and to do this first we need to introduce more gender equality curriculum. Otherwise, we will remain behind not only from America but from other nations too. This is not an easy task as we dont know how much this gender-based curriculum penetrated in our upcoming youth. Policy measures are required at organizational level both in education and business organization. Apart from curriculum and equal employment opportunity, media should be the source to educate people. Power of media can be use as an opportunity to educate people quickly and effectively.

PR Campaign of GP Races on the Gold Coast in Australia

PR Campaign of GP Races on the Gold Coast in Australia The PR campaign which is going to be analyzed in this essay is the campaign for GP races on the Gold Coast in Australia.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on PR Campaign of GP Races on the Gold Coast in Australia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The public relations campaign is organized by V8 Supercars and A1GP World Cup of Motorsport. The event is also sponsored by Nikon company. Therefore, the campaign is generally aimed at the public which might be interested in motorsport. Since the event has a rather entertaining character, the contingent interested in it would most possibly consist of young people, who like street racing. This includes teenagers, students and also young men and women of 20-30 years. In addition, the Ferrari sport cars represent the traditional motorsport, which suggests that the men aged 40-50 might also be interested in the event. In order to access the main features of the campaign and its effect iveness, the SWOT method of analysis will be applied. As it is known, this algorithm for analysis includes the campaign’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (Hill, 47). Strengths. The major strength of the particular public relations campaign is its design, which is presented in modern urban style. It is perfectly suitable for this kind of material and public. Numerous illustrations, images, photos and animations make people interested in the event and also give its visual description. Among the other campaign’s strengths is its informative character, which suggests that those who visit the site can find all the information they need about the event. The site is well-organized; the visitors can find information about ticketing, news, sponsors, race program, entertainment etc. In general, the campaign presents the event fully and interestingly. Apparently, in his book, (Hall, 17) was absolutely right claiming the virtual and experimental marketing to be th e most effective messengers. Another strong point is the accent on the minimal ticket price, which is accessible for everyone. In addition, some couples might want to visit the event with their children and the campaign points to the fact that tickets for children are free, which is a successful advertisement for the event.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is also worth mentioning that the events presented in the campaign are of different character, which gets people of different age and status interested. Thus, the racers and participants can find the information about the racing time and conditions and the supercar challenges; the donators can read about charity organizations; those who look for entertainment can read about the on-track and off-track activities, etc. All the events are of equal importance on the site and are accessible for all the visitors. W eaknesses. The campaign, however, also has some weaknesses, which may prove an impediment to achieving the main purpose, which is a successful public relation. For example, every information chapter contains nearly ten subchapters. The use of hypertext in such site may be useful; however, it may also be time-consuming for the visitors to slide from one part to another. In addition, such feature can also be confusing as far as the members of public can barely return to the starting point when they get to some piece of information which is contained in a subchapter of a subchapter of one of a dozen of chapters. The other weak point of the event presentation is the fast switching of animations. When a client sees some interesting picture and a â€Å"click here† button, they actually have no time to click, as the pictures switch very quickly. Opportunities. The campaign opportunities are very wide, as far as the event is based on cooperation of the world famous motoracing groups which are very popular and need no additional advertising. The World Cup of Motorsport, for example, is a very respected and important event in the world of motoracing, and its authority is hard to overestimate. Thus, it increases the opportunities of the campaign, suggesting that many people would rely on the reputation of the World Cup of Motorsport. As it was mentioned by (Philip, 2), the PR campaign should be relevant to modern business organizations, and the analyzed campaign meets this requirement. The other opportunities include the further development of the event, as the involvement of different companies and businessmen can predict promotion of such kinds of show and possible investments in their development. The revolution of Internet for the purpose of public relations practicing, described by (Philip, 42) enables this campaign to be available for anyone.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on PR Campaign of GP Races on the Gold Coast in Australia spec ifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Threats. The threats of the particular public relations campaign include the external factors which might prove to be harmful for achieving the objective. Such factors include bad weather which may occur in Australia. In addition, not all the members of the target public have access to the internet resources; moreover, the address of the site is not being advertised much. This fact can decrease the potential quantity of its visitors and cause a failure in the campaign’s full effectiveness. As it was said in (Burke, 8), it is extremely important for the successive company work to consider the strategic evaluation of communications in day-to-day activity and in the long-term vision of the corporation. Another challenge which may be faced by the campaign is building successful public relationships with increasingly diverse publics. This problem was discussed by (Seib, 22). The main messages of the campaign wh ich are to be delivered to public are: the event is very interesting, full of different activities and thus is worth visiting; the event is well-organized and there is still place for volunteers and investors who will to develop it; the conditions for tourists are perfect, the people are very hospitable and thus everyone is welcome to visit the event;Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More the platinum club guarantees great conditions and opportunities and its membership is worth it. The campaign was presented using the publics targeting tactics, which means forming every message in a way which is appealing to every member of the public. This can be proved by such sentence as: â€Å"†¦. Is a powerful opportunity to grow business relationships, get to know new clients and reward stuff†. In addition, there were a lot of phrases used like â€Å"we advise you to obtain†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , â€Å"don’t forget to check the†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , and also mottos like â€Å"Jumpstart your heart!†, â€Å"get pumped!†, â€Å"Join the team!† etc. These phrases indisputably influence the public’s consciousness and subjects people to participate and get involved. The campaign uses the Internet as a major media. This makes it accessible for millions of Internet users from all around the world. In addition, the public has an opportunity to stay on line as long as they need and keep reading the information, unlike the TV advertisement and other types of media. In fact, the Internet site is the most informative and comfortable media for a public relations campaign. In my opinion, the analyzed campaign is rather effective. The author (Nelson, 32) claims the public relations to manipulate media and public, which I find true. Being not interested in events of such sort, I found this site and its information appealing. In addition, its design is very attractive. As stated by (Leeper, 13), the modern business puts an emphasis on quality and social responsibility, and these two points were presented in the campaign. However, I think that in case of advertising the racing, cars and everything connected to speed it is worth involving some video. A thirty-second film with bright Ferrari and international flags on TV might be much more effective. The target of such type of campaign is to raise interest in people and make them want to par ticipate, while this site appeared to have a rather informative character. It is worth mentioning, though, that the sentences are built in a way which is appealing to those who read it. It means that besides information the text also expresses a subconscious positive view of the event. Burke, Edmund M. Corporate Community Relations: The Principle of the Neighbor of Choice. Westport, Conn. Quorum Books, 1999. Hall, Phil. The New PR. Mount Kisco, N.Y.: Larstan Publishing, 2007 Hill, T., Westbrook, R. SWOT Analysis: It’s Time for a Product Recall. Long Range Planning 30 (1): 46–52, 1997. Leeper, K. Public relations ethics and communitarianism : A preliminary investigation. Elsevier Science Inc., 1996. Nelson, J. Sultans of Sleaze: Public Relations and the Media. Toronto: Between The Lines, 1989. Philip, K. Introduction and overview of public relations. International Thompson Business Press, 1997. Phillips, D. Online Public Relations. London: Kogan Page, 2001. Seib, P. an d Fitzpatrick, K. Public Relations Ethics. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace and Company, 1995. Web.

How Can Social Change Be Brought About, Especially in a Totalitarian Essay

How Can Social Change Be Brought About, Especially in a Totalitarian Society Like the One Nafisi Describes - Essay Example In order to break the silence or discover possibilities to exercise their free will, individuals must strive to resist to such pressures on individual level. If only people realize what a deadly solution silence is, they would never choose to resort to it. It is a manifestation of the weakness and inability of individuals to stand for their basic human rights. In order to fight the system, Nafisi had to create a little world of her own with a like-minded group of students in order to evade the restrictions of the totalitarian regime they were living in. The classic literary works they studied together opened new vistas for their inner struggles to break the silence and to stand for their rights and this is how they survived in such suffocating circumstances with little efforts. â€Å"†¦ like Lolita, we tried to escape and to create our own little pocket of freedom.† (Nafisi, 435) They developed a strong bond during their struggle to keep their spirits alive and to carve o ut a little space for themselves and also learnt how to handle unfavorable circumstances. This is what Gladwell says about the Power of Context: â€Å"†¦ the Power of Context says that what really matters is little things.†(242) If people wait for radical social changes to take place, they must start by taking the first little steps themselves. Nafisi and Gladwell argue that environment plays an important role in shaping human behaviors. People tend to think and act differently under different circumstances and they even develop different perspectives of life in different situations. It was for this reason that reading Lolita in Tehran became an altogether different experience. â€Å"This then is the story of Lolita in Tehran, how Lolita gave a different color to Tehran and how Tehran helped redefine Nabakov’s novel, turning it into this Lolita, our Lolita.†( Nafisi, 420) Gladwell also emphasizes upon the strong impact of environment on human actions. Our b ehaviors undoubtedly reflect our familial and educational backgrounds, mentalities, and genetics- but most importantly they are shaped and governed by the environments we live in. We pick up cues from the environment and act or react accordingly. â€Å"The impetus to engage in a certain kind of behavior is not coming from a certain kind of person but from the feature of the environment.† (Gladwell, 238) In totalitarian regimes, it is incumbent upon individuals seeking social change to voice their concerns. The environmental factors might be discouraging and disheartening, but it is within human powers how they behave in particular situations. It is important to have will power, voice and the determination to express yourself through sensible and methodological actions. Social change can be brought about on the grassroots-level of totalitarian societies by instilling a general awareness about free will and the right to exercise it through words and actions. Rampant and radical movements can be easily undermined by such political systems by force; however, awareness about basic human rights seeps in the deepest layer of societies over the years. Such changes evolve slowly out of the dire need of the citizens to express their free will. In a totalitarian society like the one Nafisi describes, individuals are forced to redefine their behaviors particularly in public. People are forced to practice such customs in which they do not believe in; and they are expected to act and behave like the tools of a totalitarian system. If given an opportunity to